Author: Olivia
Mungal
Omega-3 fatty acids are well-known for a bounty of health benefits ranging
from cardiovascular health to healthy joints, but according to a study conducted
by researchers from Ohio State University, omega-3s may also help to protect
your DNA from the effects of natural aging.
The study, published in the
Brain,
Behavior, and Immunity Peer Review Journal, found that regular omega
supplementation for a period of 4+ months could help to slow the biological
effects of aging. In the trial, participants took either 2.5 grams or 1.25 grams
of active Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids compared against a third group
given a placebo. Each omega-3 supplement contained a 7:1 ratio of
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).
How do cells biologically age?
During mitosis, enzymes in the nucleus duplicate our DNA continuously,
replacing old cells in the body with new ones. As we age, our cells are damaged
by oxidation and some of our DNA’s nucleotide sequencing is also damaged during
this process. Telomeres are a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences that cap
the ends of each chromosome and protect them from deterioration or mutation.
Luckily for the human body, our DNA often comes with backup nucleotide
sequences and repair mechanisms our cells use if the primary nucleotide
sequences are damaged. However, the more oxidative stress experienced by our
bodies, our cells become less able to repair and regenerate during cell
division, and our telomeres become shorter and shorter as the years of oxidative
stress chips away at our DNA’s protective barrier.
Courtesy of christophertims.com
What the study found:
Professor Kiecolt-Glaser led the study, and confirmed regular supplementation
with omega-3 reduced oxidative stress by as much as 15% when compared to the
placebo group. The researchers found omega supplementation transformed the
natural ratio of omega-6: omega-3 fatty acids and preserved the length of the
telomeres in each participant’s DNA. As that ratio became lower, the average
length of each participant’s DNA-protective telomeres became significantly
longer.
Why does this work?
Human beings naturally produce arachidonic acid (AA), an omega-6 fatty acid
which promotes cellular inflammation. EPA inhibits the production and release of
AA, lowering the amount of harmful omega-6 fatty acids in the body. Most people
simply don’t get enough omega-3 fatty acids in their diet to achieve a low
omega-6:omega-3 ratio, leaving the body and DNA especially vulnerable to
oxidative damage.
“The telomere finding is provocative in that it suggests the possibility that
a nutritional supplement might actually make a difference” says Ohio State’s
Dr. Jan Kiecolt-Glaser.